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ObjectiveTo collect common prescriptions from multiple channels based on the mainstream guidance materials combined with ancient books to provide references for the selection principles of common prescriptions in clinical practice guidelines of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and western medicine. MethodWith the research on the selection of commonly used prescriptions in Clinical Practice Guidelines of Chinese and Western Medicine for Cough in Children as an example，the nation-recommended Schedule Ⅲ drugs and prescriptions for cough in children in the clinical diagnosis and treatment guidelines of TCM （TCM and western medicine）/expert consensus/clinical pathway/diagnosis and treatment protocols，three TCM pediatric textbooks， the experience of famous experts， and ancient books were searched for the establishment of a prescription database and analysis of medication regularity. ResultThe results showed that there were 71 commonly used prescriptions for the treatment of cough in children. The top 3 clinically indicated syndromes were the syndrome of phlegm-heat blocking the lung，the syndrome of wind-heat invading the lung，and the syndrome of wind-cold attacking the lung，and the top 5 efficacies corresponding to high-frequency drugs were reliving cough and dyspnea， clearing heat/resolving phlegm， dispersing wind/dissipating cold， clearing heat/purging fire， and dispersing wind/dissipating heat. The most commonly used Chinese medicines included Armeniacae Semen Amarum， Platycodonis Radix， Bolbostemmatis Rhizoma， Ephedrae Herba， Scutellariae Radix， Pinelliae Rhizoma， and Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium. Some drugs showed high internal correlations with Armeniacae Semen Amarum and Platycodonis Radix. There were 228 prescriptions for the treatment of cough in children based on the ancient books in the Chinese Medical Code. The most commonly used Chinese medicines were Pinelliae Rhizoma， Armeniacae Semen Amarum， Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma， Poria， Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium， Platycodonis Radix， Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens， and Bolbostemmatis Rhizoma. The top 5 efficacies corresponding to high-frequency drugs were dispersing wind/dissipating cold， relieving cough and dyspnea， clearing heat/resolving phlegm， warming cold/resolving phlegm， and tonifying Qi. Some drugs showed high internal correlations with Pinelliae Rhizoma and Platycodonis Radix. As revealed by the comparison of ancient and modern medication， the medication principles could be roughly classified into two categories： ventilating the lung/descending Qi and resolving phlegm. In ancient medication， the drugs for cough in children were mainly used for warming， tonifying， dissipating cold， excreting water， alleviating edema， and astringing lung and intestines， while in modern medication， the prescriptions were mainly for dispersing wind， clearing heat， tonifying yin， and moistening dampness. ConclusionThis study systematically analyzed the commonly used prescriptions for the treatment of cough in children and provided references for the selection of TCM in clinical practice guidelines.
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ObjectiveTo collect common prescriptions from multiple channels based on the mainstream guidance materials combined with ancient books to provide references for the selection principles of common prescriptions in clinical practice guidelines of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and western medicine. MethodWith the research on the selection of commonly used prescriptions in Clinical Practice Guidelines of Chinese and Western Medicine for Cough in Children as an example，the nation-recommended Schedule Ⅲ drugs and prescriptions for cough in children in the clinical diagnosis and treatment guidelines of TCM （TCM and western medicine）/expert consensus/clinical pathway/diagnosis and treatment protocols，three TCM pediatric textbooks， the experience of famous experts， and ancient books were searched for the establishment of a prescription database and analysis of medication regularity. ResultThe results showed that there were 71 commonly used prescriptions for the treatment of cough in children. The top 3 clinically indicated syndromes were the syndrome of phlegm-heat blocking the lung，the syndrome of wind-heat invading the lung，and the syndrome of wind-cold attacking the lung，and the top 5 efficacies corresponding to high-frequency drugs were reliving cough and dyspnea， clearing heat/resolving phlegm， dispersing wind/dissipating cold， clearing heat/purging fire， and dispersing wind/dissipating heat. The most commonly used Chinese medicines included Armeniacae Semen Amarum， Platycodonis Radix， Bolbostemmatis Rhizoma， Ephedrae Herba， Scutellariae Radix， Pinelliae Rhizoma， and Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium. Some drugs showed high internal correlations with Armeniacae Semen Amarum and Platycodonis Radix. There were 228 prescriptions for the treatment of cough in children based on the ancient books in the Chinese Medical Code. The most commonly used Chinese medicines were Pinelliae Rhizoma， Armeniacae Semen Amarum， Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma， Poria， Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium， Platycodonis Radix， Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens， and Bolbostemmatis Rhizoma. The top 5 efficacies corresponding to high-frequency drugs were dispersing wind/dissipating cold， relieving cough and dyspnea， clearing heat/resolving phlegm， warming cold/resolving phlegm， and tonifying Qi. Some drugs showed high internal correlations with Pinelliae Rhizoma and Platycodonis Radix. As revealed by the comparison of ancient and modern medication， the medication principles could be roughly classified into two categories： ventilating the lung/descending Qi and resolving phlegm. In ancient medication， the drugs for cough in children were mainly used for warming， tonifying， dissipating cold， excreting water， alleviating edema， and astringing lung and intestines， while in modern medication， the prescriptions were mainly for dispersing wind， clearing heat， tonifying yin， and moistening dampness. ConclusionThis study systematically analyzed the commonly used prescriptions for the treatment of cough in children and provided references for the selection of TCM in clinical practice guidelines.
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Objective To explore the clinical features and prognosis of different PML_RARα fusion gene isoforms in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Methods The clinical data of 78 patients initially diagnosed with APL in Fujian Medical University Union Hospital from February 2013 to July 2016 were collected. The clinical features and prognosis of different PML_RARα fusion gene isoforms were analyzed. Results There were 32 females (41%) and 46 males (59%) in 78 patients, with a median age of 40 years old (13-68 years old). The most common PML_RARα fusion gene was L type (48.7%, 38/78), followed by S type (46.2%, 36/78) and V type (5.1%, 4/78). The patients with white blood cell count more than 10×109/L (high_risk) occurred mostly in S type (61.1%, 22/36), compared with V type and L type, and there were statistically different (χ 2 ＝ 7.683, P < 0.05). A total of 78 patients included 8 cases (10.2%) of combined CD34 positive, 17 cases (21.8%) of combined FLT3_ITD mutation, 12 cases (15.4%) of combined DNMT3A mutation and 9 cases (11.5%) of additional chromosomal abnormalities. There were no significant differences in CD34 positive, FLT3_ITD, DNMT3A, and the incidence of additional chromosomal abnormalities among the three different isoforms (P＞0.05). The most common occurrence of retinoic acid syndrome (RAS) during treatment was S type (21/36), while rare for L type and V type (χ2＝ 7.633, P< 0.05). There were no statistical differences in the complete remission (CR) rate and disease_free survival rate among the patients with different PML_RARα isoforms (P＞0.05). Conclusions The clinical characteristics of different PML_RARα fusion gene isoforms are different, including most_common L type, more_common V type and S type in high risk groups; complicated RAS is commonly found in S type during the treatment. And different isoforms have no effect on the CR and DFS rate.
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Objective@#To explore the effects of human erythropoietin (hEPO) on healing related transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1)/Smad3 signal transduction pathway in acute wounds of rats.@*Methods@#Seventy-two healthy Sprague Dawley rats were divided into normal saline control group, low dose group, middle dose group, and high dose group according to the random number table, with 18 rats in each group, after round acute wounds with diameter of 2.5 cm were inflicted on the back of rats. Rats in the 4 groups had debridement routinely. Wounds of rats in normal saline control group were covered by gauzes infiltrated with 1 mL normal saline, while wounds of rats in low dose group, middle dose group, and high dose group were respectively covered by gauze infiltrated with 1 mL hEPO in doses of 50, 100, and 150 U every day, and then the wounds were bandaged with 6 layers of dry gauze. Dressing change was performed once every day. On treatment day (TD) 3, 7, and 14, 6 rats from each group were taken for general observation and calculation of wound healing rate. Then the wound tissue samples were harvested after the rats were sacrificed for observation of expressions of CD31 and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) with immunohistochemical method. Protein expression of phosphorylated Smad3 of the wound tissue of 3 rats were detected by Western blotting. Data were processed with analysis of variance of factorial design, one-way analysis of variance, least-significant difference test, and Bonferroni correction.@*Results@#(1) On TD 3, obvious exudation and scab were observed in the wounds of rats in the 4 groups. On TD 7, the wounds of rats in low dose group, middle dose group, and high dose group were reduced compared with those in normal saline control group. On TD 14, all wounds of rats in the 4 groups were healed. On TD 7, the wound healing rates of rats in middle dose group and high dose group were significantly higher than the rate in normal saline control group (P<0.01). At the other time points, the wound healing rates of rats in the 4 groups were close (P>0.05). (2) CD31 mainly expressed in blood vessels. Except for those in low dose group on TD 3 and 7 (P>0.05), the expressions of CD31 in wound tissue of rats in low dose group on TD 14 and in middle dose group and high dose group on TD 3, 7, and 14 were significantly higher than those in normal saline control group (P<0.01). Except for those on TD 3 (P>0.05), the expressions of CD31 in wound tissue of rats in middle dose group and high dose group on TD 7 and 14 were significantly higher than those in low dose group (P<0.01). Except for that on TD 3 (P>0.05), the expressions of CD31 in wound tissue of rats in high dose group on TD 7 and 14 were significantly higher than those in middle dose group (P<0.01). (3) Except for that in low dose group on TD 3 (1.9±0.7, P>0.05), the expressions of TGF-β1 in wound tissue of rats in low dose group on TD 7 and 14 (3.3±1.0, 3.7±0.7), and in middle dose group and high dose group on TD 3, 7, and 14 (3.3±1.0, 3.6±1.0, 3.9±0.9, 3.4±0.7, 3.8±0.8, 4.2±0.4) were significantly higher than those in normal saline control group (1.7±0.5, 2.7±1.0, 3.0±0.9, P<0.01). Except for those on TD 7 (P>0.05), the expressions of TGF-β1 in wound tissue of rats in middle dose group and high dose group on TD 3 and 14 were significantly higher than those in low dose group (P<0.01). Except for that on TD 14 (P<0.01), the expressions of TGF-β1 in wound tissue of rats in high dose group on TD 3 and 7 were close to those in middle dose group (P>0.05). (4) Except for those in low dose group on TD 3 and 14 and in middle dose group and high dose group on TD 14 (P>0.05), the protein expressions of phosphorylated Smad3 in wound tissue of rats in the 3 groups at the other time points were significantly higher than those in normal saline control group (P<0.01). Except for those on TD 14 (P>0.05), the protein expressions of phosphorylated Smad3 in wound tissue of rats in middle dose group and high dose group on TD 3 and 7 were significantly higher than those in low dose group (P<0.01). Except for that on TD 14 (P>0.05), the protein expressions of phosphorylated Smad3 in wound tissue of rats in high dose group on TD 3 and 7 were significantly lower than those in middle dose group (P<0.01).@*Conclusions@#Exogenous hEPO can increase the expressions of CD31, TGF-β1, and phosphorylated Smad3 in acute wounds of rats, promote angiogenesis of wounds, and activate TGF-β1/Smad3 signal transduction pathway to promote wound healing.
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To analyze the molecular mechanisms of cross-host transmission of the Aleutian mink disease vi rus (ADV), the hypervariable region fragment of the VP2 gene of the ADV in Jilin Province (China) was amplified. Sequencing analyses showed diversity at residue 174 by comparison with other VP2 genes in GenBank. The phylogenetic tree indicated that the ADV-JL strain had a close relationship with the highly pathogenic strain from Denmark: ADV-K. Results implied that residue 174 may be associated with ADV infectivity.
Subject(s)
Animals , Aleutian Mink Disease , Virology , Aleutian Mink Disease Virus , Chemistry , Classification , Genetics , Amino Acid Sequence , Capsid Proteins , Chemistry , Genetics , China , Mink , Molecular Sequence Data , Phylogeny , Sequence Alignment , Sequence AnalysisABSTRACT
Objective To summarize the key points in surgical cooperation of laparoscopic left lateral segment liver resection. Methods The clinical data of 24 patients undergoing laparoscopic left lateral segment liver resection from March to September of 2013 were analyzed retrospectively to summarize the key points in surgical cooperation of preoperative preparation and intraoperative coordination.Result All the operations were successful with the operation mean time of(72.0±26.8)min,no intraoperative transfer or termination of the operations.Conclusion Sufficient preoperative preparation together skilled surgical nursing cooperation in laparoscopic left lateral segment liver resection is critical for the success of operation.
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Objective We aimed to discuss the influence of establishment of a hospital which makes people satisfied on nursing management. Methods We improved our nursing work by establishing quality-control groups, training staff, checking once a week and making feedback once a month through decomposing and subdividing the standard of building a hospital which makes people satisfied from March 2002 to December 2006. Results The qualified rate of nursing management increased from 69.3% to 97.6% every year, which has statistical difference (P<0.01). Conclusions Establishment of a hospital which makes people satisfied improved the general level of nursing management quality and nursing staff. We acquired good social and economic befenit.
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Objective To introduce the necessity of newly added examination and approval system. Methods The expatiation content of examination and approval system, process and the attention-getting problems of implementation were expounded. Results The new system is established, on the one hand it can be made evidence-based in the purchasing process and on the other hand it can be limited to same species and wash out inadaptable manufacture. Conclusion The newly added examination and approval system was built to meet the clinic need and conform to the standard of using equipment in hospital.
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The purpose of inviting public bidding is to enhance the management of medical consumables and reduce the cost of medical treatment. The project contains three aspects: fixing of the bid products and bid methods, compilation of the bid documents, evaluation of the bid and results collection. The bid project should follow some principles such as publicity, equity and honesty.